What is Artificial Intelligence? Information, Example
Nowadays, the term “AI … Artificial Intelligence” has come to be use as a matter of course.
“Artificial intelligence (AI)” may be a computing system that has human intelligence like learning, reasoning, recognition, and judgment. Although only a traditional computer operating as a given program, the pc with AI-supported a pattern stored as data, selects the acceptable and adaptability in accordance with the other party and circumstances that I can.
In May 1997, IBM’s supercomputer “Deep Blue” won a historic victory over then-chess world champion Garry Kasparov. By having the computer remember as many joseki as possible and pre-reading the patterns according to the situation, we were always able to do our best.
However, there is a big difference between human intelligence and artificial intelligence. Humans can learn from experience that “I lost this way in the previous match, so I will take a new approach next time”, but in the case of computers, a new program is required.
Research on computers that learn by themselves is continuing, but it seems that computers with the same level of learning ability, as humans have not yet appeared.
In this article, we will explain a wide range of what AI is in the first place, its history, and application examples.
- What is AI (artificial intelligence)?
AI is an abbreviation of “Artificial Intelligence”, and within the definition, it is describe as “a computing system equipped with the functions of human intelligence like learning, reasoning, and judgment.”
At present, the definition of AI (artificial intelligence) has not yet been decide even among experts. Various experts have their own definitions, and there is no unified definition.
- Types of AI (artificial intelligence):
The term artificial intelligence here is often use with the nuances of “smart” and “behaves like a human being” with an ambiguous definition.
AI (artificial intelligence) like Doraemon that can do anything has not been realize yet, so it is important to understand the types of AI (artificial intelligence) and distinguish them correctly.
- Specialized artificial intelligence:
Specialized artificial intelligence refers to AI (artificial intelligence) that specializes in one task.
For example, AI that recognizes images cannot recognize voice. AI that recognizes voice cannot recognize text. AlphaGo (Go AI) and Ponanza (Shogi AI) are typical examples of specialized artificial intelligence that specializes in one task.
- General-purpose artificial intelligence (AGI):
To put it simply, general-purpose artificial intelligence refers to “artificial intelligence that can do anything,” and is abbreviated as AGI (Artificial General Intelligence).
Specialized artificial intelligence specializes in one task and cannot perform other tasks, but general-purpose artificial intelligence is artificial intelligence that allows you to think and apply yourself based on given information.
Many people imagine robots that look like humans, such as “Doraemon” and “Astro Boy,” with the image of “behaving like a human.”
It said that singularity would occur when general-purpose artificial intelligence is completed, and it said that general-purpose artificial intelligence would be the last invention of human beings.
Various thinkers are developing their own ideas about the feasibility of general-purpose artificial intelligence. It is important to have your own perspective based on various opinions, as you cannot accurately predict future technological innovation.
- Strong AI and weak AI:
AI (artificial intelligence) can also be classify into “strong AI ” and ” weak AI “. The philosopher John Searle coined these words.
Strong AI can said to be artificial intelligence that has self-consciousness like humans. “Doraemon” and “Astro Boy” can said to be strong AI.
On the other hand, weak AI is define as “artificial intelligence without consciousness / thinking”. Similar to specialized artificial intelligence, it replaces some of human intelligence and specializes in specific tasks.
The AI (artificial intelligence) currently being developed has no consciousness and is classify as a weak AI.
The figure below shows the visualization of humans and the intelligence levels of “strong AI” and “weak AI”.
“Strong AI” is a concept close to general-purpose artificial intelligence, and “weak AI” is a concept close to specialized artificial intelligence.
- Should we perceive AI in the first place?
Artificial Intelligence (AI) is one of the technologies that are attracting the most attention today. AI is generally understand to mean “an artificial reproduction of various perceptions and intellects realized by humans.”
However, in reality, there is no unique definition for AI. Computer science, cognitive science, medicine, psychology, and even philosophy are still being discuss from various standpoints.
- Summary:
There are more and more opportunities to see humanoid robots equipped with artificial intelligence in towns and in the news. While advances in artificial intelligence are expect to enrich our lives, concerns about new technologies have not yet been dispel. In the future, further discussions on how to use artificial intelligence and the coexistence of humans and robots are need, and it is advisable to learn the basic knowledge of artificial intelligence and the algorithms that move robots for that discussion.
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